芬兰华商总会特别鸣谢给予友情赞助的单位和个人：芬兰华人妇女协会、中国国际航空公司、华为芬兰公司、BYD芬兰公司、中关村软件园、Tallink Silja Line Oy、Jussi Piekkala先生、北京楼饭店、佳禾贸易行、佳禾超市、Magnusson Law Firm、Yorotek Finland Oy、Jadeite Oy、PRIMEHOTELS OY、Oulun Yrityskalusto Oy、Cross Northern Pole Oy、Ravintola Olivia Oy、东北虎饭店、家宴饭店、乐园饭店、Basilika饭店、成都饭店、元融泰科技芬兰公司、东方行亚洲超市、寿司森林Sushi Forest、锦官堂Tripla店、张放武馆、北欧金兰集团、芬兰中国发展与交流中心等单位；特别感谢芬兰华商总会秘书王岑岑和刘春杰老师所做的大量组织和后勤保障工作。
Finland’s Presidency of the Council of Europe will start on 21 November 2018. Secretary General of the Council of Europe Thorbjørn Jagland will visit Finland on 8 November.
During his visit, Secretary General Thorbjørn Jagland will meet Minister for Foreign Affairs Timo Soini, President of the Republic Sauli Niinistö and Speaker of Parliament Paula Risikko.
Finland’s Presidency will emphasise the Council of Europe’s work to promote human rights and the rule of law and to reinforce the rules-based international system. Finland also wishes to deepen the understanding of how new technologies affect human rights. An international conference on artificial intelligence and human rights will be organised in Helsinki on 26–27 February 2019.
The priorities of Finland’s Presidency of the Council of Europe are:
1) strengthening the system of human rights and the rule of law in Europe;
2) supporting equality and women’s rights;
3) openness and inclusion — as well as a focus on young people and the prevention of radicalisation.
Finland will hold the Presidency at a time when the Council of Europe is facing major political and economic challenges. Topical political issues will include Russia’s voting rights and non-payment of its financial contributions to the Council of Europe. The reform of the Council of Europe, coinciding with Finland’s Presidency, will also be on the agenda during Secretary General Jagland’s visit to Finland. Moreover, the Council of Europe will celebrate its 70th anniversary in May 2019, which will reflect on Finland’s Presidency.
Finland’s Presidency of the Council of Europe will last until the end of May 2019.
自1993年以来，曹侃先生带领北欧集团在房地产开发、生态创新智慧城市建设、产业金融科技教学融合、引领挪威主流社会发展及中国-北欧交流合作等领域作出了突出的贡献，被全欧华人专业协会联合会（Federation of Chinese Professional Associations in Europe，FCPAE）评为2018欧洲华人十大科技领军人才。
The continuing acidification of the Arctic Ocean is projected to have significant ecological and socio‐economic impacts over coming decades, with consequences both for local communities and globally. This is the overarching finding of the 2018 Arctic Ocean Acidification Assessment, presented today at the 2018 Arctic Biodiversity Congress. The assessment, conducted by the Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme (AMAP) of the Arctic Council, updates a 2013 assessment, and presents the chemical, biological and socio‐economic impacts of ocean acidification, which is driven primarily by global greenhouse gas emissions. Increasingly acidic ocean conditions can affect marine organisms in a variety of ways. Some may experience altered growth, development or behavior if exposed to low pH at certain life stages. Others may experience indirect effects, such as changes in their food web structures or predator–prey relationships. Falling ocean pH levels – which are changing most quickly in the Arctic – are acting in tandem with other environmental stressors, such as rising air and sea temperatures, to drive significant changes in marine ecosystems, with impacts on the communities that depend upon them. While some organisms will benefit and others will suffer negative effects, we can expect a complex array of impacts on marine ecosystems. To better understand the socio‐ economic consequences of these impacts, AMAP commissioned a series of regionally focused case studies to examine how shifts in ocean chemistry may affect valuable ocean resources and northern economies. The assessment presented the findings from five case studies: Norwegian kelp and sea urchins: This study modeled how ocean acidification and warming might impact yields of sea urchins, of which there are large and currently unexploited stocks off the coast of northern Norway. The model simulations found that harvest yields declined sevenfold over the next 30 years, with warmer sea temperatures as the main driver, but with effects exacerbated by acidification. Barents Sea cod: The case study developed a model to examine the combined effects of fishing, warming, and acidification on cod, which has been a commercially important fishery for centuries. It found that ocean acidification greatly increases the risk of the collapse of the fishery compared with the risk it faces from ocean warming alone. Greenland shrimp fishery: Shrimp accounts for between one third and a half of the value of Greenland’s fisheries. This study involved building a bio‐economic model to better understand how the fishery might respond to acidification and other environmental stressors, and the socio‐economic implications of those changes. It showed that uncertainty at all stages of analysis, from the rate of acidification, to its biological, ecological and economic impacts, meant such modeling is of limited value. Nonetheless, it illustrates that actions can be taken to better manage stocks and build community resilience in the face of uncertainty. Alaska’s fishery sector: Researchers developed an index to measure risk faced by different regions within Alaska from ocean acidification, the first time such an exercise has been conducted focused on a high‐latitude region such as the US state. It found uneven impacts, with southern Alaska facing the greater risk, due to its dependence on susceptible species, forecast rapid changes in chemical conditions in the region, and its low levels of socio‐economic resilience. Arctic cod in Western Canadian Arctic: While it is not commercially fished, Arctic cod (Boreogadus saida, also termed polar cod) is a key forage species for the food web that supports the region’s Indigenous communities, and there is already evidence of its distribution shifting northwards as the ocean rapidly warms. Modeling and analysis tools were combined with observations to identify the potential effects of climate change and ocean acidification, finding they will likely cause significant changes in species composition in the region. Overall, the case studies show that effects of acidification, in combination with other stressors, are highly uncertain. This uncertainty underscores the urgent need for increased monitoring in the region, and for research that looks at the effects on species of a number of environmental stressors acting in combination. It is not only ecosystems and societies in the Arctic that are set to be impacted by ocean acidification in the region. The assessment also reviewed evidence that low‐pH waters are being exported to shelf regions of the North Atlantic, which are biologically productive and support important commercial fisheries. ENDS
Lakiklinikka.fi online service under the KIRA-digi Project offers legal advice to projects that promote digitalisation in the real estate and construction sector free of charge. Information is also collected on statutes that may complicate the digitalisation process. Lakiklinikka.fi service is provided by Lexia Attorneys Ltd.
Quite a unique experiment has been started in the Finnish central government as the Ministry of the Environment aims to develop legislation through a new kind of service concept. Lakiklinikka.fi collects feedback especially from those affected by the legislation.
What this means in practice is that those implementing the projects are asked whether they have encountered legal problems, what they were like, and how they were solved. The service offers legal advice as well.
“We wanted to try a new, more agile way of developing legislation, and got the idea of combining advisory service with legislative work. The advisory service attracts more users as it brings concrete benefits to those who ask questions. The more questions and legal problems we have in the advisory service, the better picture the Ministry will gain of the provisions that may complicate digitalisation. The model is now being tested for the first time, and feedback will be most welcome. We encourage everybody to use the service”, says Jaana Junnila, Senior Ministerial Adviser at the Ministry of the Environment.
Open access to data – Lakiklinikka.fi summarises the state of playAll results of the advisory service and surveys are published on the Lakiklinikka.fi website. The questions to be published will be anonymous so that those who asked them cannot be identified. Everybody has access to open data – including various kinds of companies offering digital services.
Lakiklinikka.fi service for operators in real estate and construction business is constantly updated and supplement by data collected from the advisory service. Lakiklinikka.fi collects, classifies and analyses legal problems of the clients according to criteria such as topic and complexity.
“The task of a legal professional today is to serve as the client’s strategic partner. This is why the project is a unique opportunity for us to think about and analyse problems that come up and to promote the development of the real estate and construction business together with various stakeholders”, says Aleksi Lundén, Associate responsible for jurisprudence at Lexia Attorneys.
Lakiklinikka.fi also offers a platform for discussion and sharing information and expert views on legal matters. The project will continue until the end of 2018.
KIRA-digi support already to more than a hundred projectsThe Ministry of the Environment is preparing legislative amendments that will support digitalisation in the real estate and construction sectors as part of the Government’s key project. The KIRA-digi Project, which will continue until the end of 2018, looks for digital solutions to facilitate day-to-day operations in the real estate and construction sectors.
So far funding under the KIRA-digi Project has been granted to 104 experiments. A culture of experimentation is a key element in the Government’s key projects, which is also strongly reflected in the projects that have received KIRA-digi funding.
Experiences are collected from all experimental projects in order to construct a comprehensive picture of the most relevant legislative problems associated with digitalisation.
Indeed, this is a good way to make relevant legislation to the digitalisation problems.
Ministerial pay and allowances and ministers’ private interests
Ministerial pay and allowances are defined in the act on the Members of Parliament’s salary. A minister’s salary equals that paid to the deputy speaker of Parliament minus five per cent. The salary paid to the prime minister equals that of the speaker of Parliament minus five per cent. Act on the Member of Parliament’s salary – Finlex (in Finnish and Swedish only) Act on Ministers’ Pay and Allowances – Finlex
Ministers serving as Members of Parliament are also entitled to Member of Parliament’s salary and expense allowance. However, Members of Parliament appointed as ministers forfeit half of the salary and expense allowance they receive from Parliament. Member of Parliament’s salary – Parliament
Ministerial salaries
Currently, ministers receive EUR 9 102,84 per month and the prime minister EUR 10 920,06 per month. Ministerial salary is subject to tax.
MPs’ salaries and pensions
From 1st of February 2016 Members of Parliament are paid a salary of 6,407 euros a month, with the figure rising to 6,887 euros after 12 years of service. The Speaker receives 11,792 euros and the Deputy Speakers 9,830 euros a month. MPs’ pay is taxable income. A three-person remuneration committee appointed by the Speakers decides on MPs’ pay.
Supplement for chairs
In addition to their salary as MPs, committee chairs receive a monthly supplement of 720 euros. The figure for the chairs of the Grand Committee, the Constitutional Law Committee, the Foreign Affairs Committee, the Finance Committee and the Audit Committee is 1,188 euros. Within the Finance Committee the chair of the Subcommittee for Tax Affairs and Subcommittee for Administration och Security receives a monthly supplement of 720 euros and the other subcommittee chairs receive 475 euros. This supplement is not paid if a subcommittee chair is entitled to a committee chair´s supplement.
Parliamentary group chairs receive a monthly supplement of 1,188 euros if the group has 16 or more members and 720 euros if it has 3-15 members. No supplement is paid if a group has only one or two members.
Separate remuneration is not paid for attending committee meetings, nor do evening and weekend sessions increase MP´s earnings.
Compensation for expenses
In addition to salary, MPs receive compensation for expenses ranging from 990 to 1,810 euros a month, depending on where they live and whether they have a second home in the Helsinki metropolitan area.
Travel
MPs are entitled to travel free of charge by rail, scheduled flight and coach in Finland and by taxi in the Helsinki metropolitan area for purposes related to legislative work.
The Remuneration Committee sets the pay of MPs
The chair and two members of the Remuneration Committee, none of whom may be an MP or a parliamentary civil servant, are elected for a four-year term by the Speakers of Parliament.
The chair convenes the Committee, which is quorate when all of its members are present. The Speakers may issue supplementary orders concerning the actions of the Committee.
The Speakers of Parliament have appointed a Remuneration Committee for the period 1 Jan 2013 – 31 Dec 2016. It is chaired by Jouni Ekuri and the members are Riitta-Leena Paunio and Seppo Junttila. The Remuneration Committee appointed Erkki Kurikka as its secretary.
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Ministerial pay and allowances are defined in the act on the Members of Parliament’s salary. A minister’s salary equals that paid to the deputy speaker of Parliament minus five per cent. The salary paid to the prime minister equals that of the speaker of Parliament minus five per cent.